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Webster's English Dictionary

principal
a. [F., from L. principalis. See Prince.]1. Highest in rank, authority, character, importance, or degree; most considerable or important; chief; main; as, the principal officers of a Government; the principal men of a state; the principal productions of a country; the principal arguments in a case. ()
Wisdom is the principal thing. (Prov. iv. 7.)
2. Of or pertaining to a prince; princely. (Spenser.)
Principal axis. See Axis of a curve, under Axis. -- Principal axes of a quadric (Geom.), three lines in which the principal planes of the solid intersect two and two, as in an ellipsoid. -- Principal challenge. (Law) See under Challenge. -- Principal plane. See Plane of projection (a), under Plane. -- Principal of a quadric (Geom.), three planes each of which is at right angles to the other two, and bisects all chords of the quadric perpendicular to the plane, as in an ellipsoid. -- Principal point (Persp.), the projection of the point of sight upon the plane of projection. -- Principal ray (Persp.), the line drawn through the point of sight perpendicular to the perspective plane. -- Principal section (Crystallog.), a plane passing through the optical axis of a crystal. ()
n. 1. A leader, chief, or head; one who takes the lead; one who acts independently, or who has controlling authority or influence; as, the principal of a faction, a school, a firm, etc.; -- distinguished from a subordinate, abettor, auxiliary, or assistant. ()
2. (Law) The chief actor in a crime, or an abettor who is present at it, -- as distinguished from an accessory. (Wharton. Bouvier. Burrill.)
3. (Com.) A thing of chief or prime importance; something fundamental or especially conspicuous. ()


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