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Webster's English Dictionary

gradient

a. [L. gradiens, p. pr. of gradi to step, to go. See Grade.]1. Moving by steps; walking; as, gradient automata. (Wilkins.)

2. Rising or descending by regular degrees of inclination; as, the gradient line of a railroad. ()

3. Adapted for walking, as the feet of certain birds. ()

n. 1. The rate of regular or graded ascent or descent in a road; grade. ()

2. A part of a road which slopes upward or downward; a portion of a way not level; a grade. ()

3. The rate of increase or decrease of a variable magnitude, or the curve which represents it; as, a thermometric gradient. ()

4. (Chem., Biochem.) The variation of the concentration of a chemical substance in solution through some linear path; also called concentration gradient; -- usually measured in concentration units per unit distance. Concentration gradients are created naturally, e.g. by the diffusion of a substance from a point of high concentration toward regions of lower concentration within a body of liquid; in laboratory techniques they may be made artificially. ()

(Biochem.) ()

Gradient post, a post or stake indicating by its height or by marks on it the grade of a railroad, highway, or embankment, etc., at that spot. ()

n. [F. gradin, dim. of grade. See Grade.] (Arch.) Any member like a step, as the raised back of an altar or the like; a set raised over another. (Layard.)